Pollinator plant

Primrose

Primula vulgaris

Linked agroforestry plant data
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Common names

52 names · 37 languages
EnglishYour language
+1 more nameShow fewer names
Other languages (36)
Dutch
  • Stengelloze sleutelbloem[5][6]
French
  • Primevère commune[5][6]
  • Primevère officinale
Albanian
  • Aguliçe e rëndomtë[6]
Arabic
  • زهرة الربيع الشائعة[6]
Basque
  • Udaberri-lore goiztiarra[6]
Bulgarian
  • Безстъблена иглика[6]
  • иглика[6]
Catalan
Chinese (Simplified)
Chinese (Traditional)
Croatian
  • Jagorčevina[6]
  • Jagorčika[6]
  • Obični jaglac[6]
+1 more nameShow fewer names
  • Rani jaglac[6]
Czech
  • prvosenka bezlodyžná[6]
Danish
  • Storblomstret kodriver[6]
Estonian
  • varretu priimula[6]
Faroese
  • leggstutt fransagras[6]
Finnish
  • kääpiöesikko[6]
Galician
German
Hungarian
  • Szártalan kankalin[6]
Irish
  • Sabhaircín[6]
Italian
Japanese
  • イチゲコザクラ[6]
  • プリムローズ[6]
Latvian
  • Parastā prīmula[6]
Lithuanian
  • Paprastoji raktažolė[6]
Norwegian
Polish
  • Pierwiosnek bezłodygowy[6]
Portuguese
Romanian
Russian
  • Первоцвет обыкновенный[6]
Serbian
  • Jagorčevina[6]
  • Јагорчевина[6]
Slovak
  • prvosienka bezbyľová[6]
Slovenian
  • trobentica[6]
Spanish
Swedish
Turkish
  • çuhaçiçeği[6]
Ukrainian
  • Первоцвіт звичайний[6]
Welsh
Sources & name notes (6)

Names recorded in our plant catalogue and botanical sources, grouped by language. Usage can vary by region.

Numbered references identify names recorded by an external source. Other names are from our plant catalogue.

[1] Primula vulgaris — Plant Toolbox common names ↗

NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox; English common names in a United States horticultural reference.

Source records
  • Primrose — ul#common_names > li:nth-of-type(1); heading: Common Name(s):; Primula vulgaris.
[2] Royal Horticultural Society — common names ↗

Names retained from the referenced botanical profile or table.

Source records
  • primrose — Page 2, column 1, row top 232 pt; common-name cell after Primula vulgaris.; Primula vulgaris.
[3] Royal Horticultural Society — common names ↗

Names retained from the referenced botanical profile or table.

Source records
  • primrose — Page 2, column 2, row top 472 pt; common-name cell after Primula vulgaris.; Primula vulgaris.
[4] Royal Horticultural Society — common names ↗

Names retained from the referenced botanical profile or table.

Source records
  • primrose — Page 2, column 2, row top 187 pt; common-name cell after Primula vulgaris.; Primula vulgaris.
[5] Primula vulgaris — iNaturalist taxon names ↗

Community-curated iNaturalist taxonomy. This is a common-name attestation, not an independent botanical determination.

Source records
  • Primrose — results[0].names[1]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Common Primrose — results[0].names[4]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • English primrose — results[0].names[11]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Stengelloze sleutelbloem — results[0].names[2]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Erd-Primel — results[0].names[8]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Schaftlose Schlüsselblume — results[0].names[7]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Stängellose Schlüsselblume — results[0].names[6]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Çuha Çiçeği — results[0].names[36]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primavera — results[0].names[10]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primevère commune — results[0].names[9]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primula comune — results[0].names[5]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Prímula-pão-de-leite — results[0].names[15]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • rosas-da-páscoa — results[0].names[48]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
[6] Primula vulgaris — iNaturalist taxon names ↗

Community-curated iNaturalist taxonomy; common-name attestation, not an independent botanical determination.

Source records
  • Primrose — results[0].names[1]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Common Primrose — results[0].names[4]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • English primrose — results[0].names[11]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Stengelloze sleutelbloem — results[0].names[2]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Erd-Primel — results[0].names[8]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Schaftlose Schlüsselblume — results[0].names[7]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Stängellose Schlüsselblume — results[0].names[6]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Çuha Çiçeği — results[0].names[36]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primavera — results[0].names[10]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primevère commune — results[0].names[9]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primula comune — results[0].names[5]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Prímula-pão-de-leite — results[0].names[15]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • rosas-da-páscoa — results[0].names[48]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Primavera — results[0].names[3]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • prvosenka bezlodyžná — results[0].names[12]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Storblomstret kodriver — results[0].names[13]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Первоцвет обыкновенный — results[0].names[14]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • kusymre — results[0].names[16]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • kääpiöesikko — results[0].names[17]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • زهرة الربيع الشائعة — results[0].names[18]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • varretu priimula — results[0].names[19]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Szártalan kankalin — results[0].names[20]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Paprastoji raktažolė — results[0].names[21]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • イチゲコザクラ — results[0].names[22]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • プリムローズ — results[0].names[23]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Obični jaglac — results[0].names[24]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Rani jaglac — results[0].names[25]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Jagorčevina — results[0].names[26]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Jagorčika — results[0].names[27]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • prvosienka bezbyľová — results[0].names[28]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Безстъблена иглика — results[0].names[29]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • 歐報春 — results[0].names[30]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • 欧报春 — results[0].names[31]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Sabhaircín — results[0].names[32]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Cáncaro — results[0].names[33]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Panqueixo — results[0].names[34]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • jordviva — results[0].names[35]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • leggstutt fransagras — results[0].names[37]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Pierwiosnek bezłodygowy — results[0].names[38]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Первоцвіт звичайний — results[0].names[39]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • trobentica — results[0].names[40]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Grigiorei — results[0].names[41]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Ciuboțele — results[0].names[42]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Parastā prīmula — results[0].names[43]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Јагорчевина — results[0].names[44]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Jagorčevina — results[0].names[45]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Aguliçe e rëndomtë — results[0].names[46]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • çuhaçiçeği — results[0].names[47]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Briallen — results[0].names[49]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • иглика — results[0].names[50]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
  • Udaberri-lore goiztiarra — results[0].names[51]; taxon id 56136; Primula vulgaris.
Plant references

Source-backed information

Published observations for this plant. Each reference supports the information beside it.

Taxonomy
Primula vulgaris is an accepted species in Catalogue of Life.

Taxonomic treatment in the August 2026 release; the catalogue record name is preserved.

Sources [1]
Botanical family
Primulaceae

Family in the cited taxonomic treatment.

Sources [1]
Mature height
0.08–1.83 m

NC State Extension profile. Converted from the source range in feet and inches; mature size varies with growing conditions.

Sources [2]
Mature spread
1.22–2.44 m

NC State Extension profile. Converted from the source range in feet and inches; mature size varies with growing conditions.

Sources [2]
Plant habit
Clumping

NC State Extension profile.

Sources [2]
Life cycle
Perennial

NC State Extension profile.

Sources [2]
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day); Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

NC State Extension profile.

Sources [2]
Moisture and drainage
Good Drainage; Moist

NC State Extension profile.

Sources [2]
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)

NC State Extension profile.

Sources [2]
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

NC State Extension profile. These source categories do not certify the catalogue’s numeric pH interval.

Sources [2]
Flowering season
Spring

NC State Extension profile. Seasons reflect the source region and do not verify the catalogue’s exact flowering months.

Sources [2]
Native range
Europe, western Asia

NC State Extension profile. Origin reported by the source; this is not a claim of local nativeness.

Sources [2]
Reported wildlife attraction
Listed as attracting: bees.

NC State Extension profile. Broad wildlife categories; this does not establish flower visits by a named bee species or quantify nectar and pollen.

Sources [2]
Pollinator guidance
RHS includes Primula vulgaris in its Plants for Pollinators guidance.

RHS planting guidance. Choose accessible flowers with pollen and nectar; reduced-resource and double-flowered forms may be unsuitable.

Sources [3] [4] [5]
Catalogue ratings

Who this plant supports

Honey bees

Low suitability
Nectar value Unknown
Pollen value Low
Agroforestry database

Complete plant information

Open full plant profile

Structure

Vegetation layer
Herbaceous, Ground cover
Size
Small
Dimensions
0.30 m high × 0.30 m wide
Growth rate
Moderate
Lifecycle
Perennial

Site conditions

USDA hardiness
5-10
Moisture
Moist
Soil
Sandy, Loamy, Clay
pH
Acid, Neutral, Alkaline
Light
Partial shade, Sun

Uses

Edible parts
Leaves, Flowers, Tea
Functions
Ground cover, Fragrant
Edibility
3 out of 5
Medicinal value
3 out of 5

Young leaves of this plant can be eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable, and added to soups. They have a mild flavor, but the texture can be somewhat difficult. These leaves are often available in the winter. The flowers can also be eaten raw or cooked. They make a nice garnish for salads and can be prepared as a vegetable or preserved. When the flowers are just opened, they can be fermented with water and sugar to make a delicious and intoxicating wine. Both the flowers and the leaves can be used to make syrup or tea.

Sources and references

References for the information marked with source numbers on this page.

Sources checked
  1. Catalogue of Life Primula vulgaris — Catalogue of Life COL26.8

    COL26.8 (2026-08-20). Contributing checklist: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World. This is taxonomic evidence, not an independent ecological study.

    Supports: TaxonomyBotanical family
    Relevant sections
    • Taxonomy: NameUsage.tsv line 1022868; ID 4MDKW; rank species; status accepted
    • Botanical family: NameUsage.tsv line 1022868; ID 4MDKW; rank species; status accepted

    Source checked on .

    Source data licence: CC BY 4.0.

  2. NC State Extension Primula vulgaris — Plant Toolbox

    NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Growing conditions and seasons reflect its United States horticultural context.

    Supports: Mature heightMature spreadPlant habitLife cycleLightMoisture and drainageSoil textureSoil pHFlowering seasonNative rangeReported wildlife attraction
    Relevant sections
    • Mature height: Dimensions / Height
    • Mature spread: Dimensions / Width
    • Plant habit: Habit/Form
    • Life cycle: Life Cycle
    • Light: Light
    • Moisture and drainage: Soil Drainage
    • Soil texture: Soil Texture
    • Soil pH: Soil pH
    • Flowering season: Flower Bloom Time
    • Native range: Country Or Region Of Origin
    • Reported wildlife attraction: Attracts

    Source checked on .

  3. Royal Horticultural Society RHS Plants for Pollinators — Wildflowers

    RHS planting guidance; applicable flower-form restrictions are retained. General recommendations do not measure local nectar or pollen production.

    Supports: Pollinator guidance
    Relevant sections
    • Pollinator guidance: Page 2, column 2, entry Primula vulgaris (top 472 pt)

    Source checked on .

  4. Royal Horticultural Society RHS Plants for Pollinators — Garden Plants

    RHS planting guidance; applicable flower-form restrictions are retained. General recommendations do not measure local nectar or pollen production.

    Supports: Pollinator guidance
    Relevant sections
    • Pollinator guidance: Page 2, column 2, entry Primula vulgaris (top 187 pt)

    Source checked on .

  5. Royal Horticultural Society RHS Plants for Pollinators — Plants Of The World

    RHS planting guidance; applicable flower-form restrictions are retained. General recommendations do not measure local nectar or pollen production.

    Supports: Pollinator guidance
    Relevant sections
    • Pollinator guidance: Page 2, column 1, entry Primula vulgaris (top 232 pt)

    Source checked on .